Lower abdominal surgery (including caesarean section), urological & lower limb, including hip surgery lasting 1.5-3 hr.
Dosage/Direction for Use
AdultLower limb, urological & perineal surgery 1.5-3 mL. Lower abdominal operations including caesarean section 2-4 mL Childn >15 kg 0.25-0.3 mg/kg; between 5 & 15 kg 0.3-0.4 mg/kg; infant up to 5 kg 0.4-0.5 mg/kg.
Contraindications
Acute active disease of the CNS eg, meningitis, tumours, poliomyelitis & cranial haemorrhage, active TB or metastatic lesions in the vertebral column. Septicaemia. Spinal stenosis & active disease (eg, spondylitis, tumour) or recent trauma (eg, fracture) in the vertebral column. Pernicious anaemia w/ subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord. Pyrogenic infection of the skin at or adjacent to the site of puncture. Cardiogenic or hypovolaemic shock. Coagulation disorders or ongoing anticoagulant treatment.
Special Precautions
Resuscitative equipment & drugs should be immediately available. Hypovolaemia due to haemorrhage or dehydration, aortocaval occlusion, coronary or cerebrovascular disease. Pregnancy, chronic neurological disorders. May temporarily impair locomotion & alertness.
Adverse Reactions
Hypotension, bradycardia, post-dural puncture headache. Rarely, high or total spinal blockade resulting in CV & resp depression, neurological complications, allergic reactions.
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